Predminulý čas jednoduchý
Otestujte si svoje vedomostiFunkcie predminulého času jednoduchého
Predminulý čas jednoduchý sa vzťahuje k času pred terajškom. Používa sa za účelom ujasnenia, že v minulosti sa stala jedna udalosť pred druhou udalosťou. Nezáleží na tom, ktorá z udalostí je spomenutá skôr - tento čas ujasňuje, ktorá sa stala skôr.
V uvedených príkladoch sú Udalosti A, ktoré sa stali skôr, a Udalosti B, ktoré sa stali až druhé:
| Udalosť A | Udalosť B |
| John had gone out | when I arrived in the office. |
| Udalosť A | Udalosť B |
| I had saved my document | before the computer crashed. |
| Udalosť B | Udalosť A |
| When they arrived | we had already started cooking. |
| Udalosť B | Udalosť A |
| He was very tired | because he hadn't slept well. |
Tvorenie predminulého času jednoduchého
Anglický predminulý čas jednoduchý sa skladá z dvoch častí: sloveso to have (had) v minulom čase + minulé príčastie hlavného slovesa.
| Podmet | had | minulé príčastie |
|---|---|---|
| Kladné | ||
| She | had | given |
| Záporné | ||
| She | hadn't | asked. |
| Opytovacie | ||
| Had | they | arrived? |
| Opytovacie záporné | ||
| Hadn't | you | finished? |
To decide, predminulý čas jednoduchý
| Kladné | Záporné | Otázka |
|---|---|---|
| I had decided | I hadn't decided | Had I decided? |
| You had decided | You hadn't decided | Had you decided? |
| She had decided | She hadn't decided | Had she decided? |
| We had decided | We hadn't decided | Had we decided? |
| They had decided | They hadn't decided | Had they decided? |
Predminulý čas jednoduchý + just
'Just' sa používa s predminulým časom jednoduchým pri odvolávaní sa na udalosť, ktorá sa stala len krátku chvíľu pred terajškom, napr.
- The train had just left when I arrived at the station.
- She had just left the room when the police arrived.
- I had just put the washing out when it started to rain.